The Failure Of Integration Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Failure Of Integration Essay, Research Paper The Failure of Integration Coordination is to stop the isolation of and pass on into equivalent position in the public eye as characterized by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Actually I accept this end has neer and likely neer will be to the full reached. In the United States there is isolation everyplace. It is non each piece open as it was in history however it despite everything exists in individuals s heads. In the event that the meaning of coordinating is valid so why are such bigot gatherings, for example, the Ku Klux Klan still around? They are truly knows for debasing and embarrassing the Afro-american race since the beginning. Why there are despite everything race offenses happening today? What's more, why bias is so regular in the U.S? Often being a dark male I get victimized. I recollect one episode when I was strolling place from bands design one dull with my closest companion Keiji who happens to other than be dark. We will compose a custom article test on The Failure Of Integration Essay Research Paper or then again any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Out of nowhere around three constabulary watch vehicles pull up and toss us on the auto, and get down to skip us down. They said we coordinated the portrayal of individuals they are looking for who looted an accommodation shop. The bull put us both in the back spot of the sail R with handlocks on and were asking every one of us kinds of requests. After around 20 proceedingss another constabulary watch vehicle pulls up with two white guys in the dorsum who were well unexpected glancing in comparison to us. The bulls opened the watch vehicle, un-bound us and instructed us to obtain the snake pit out of here. I recollect another occurrence here at URI outside of a club. Myself and a team of my companions who are other than dark attempted to head out to a techno party at one. We saw they were permitting individuals in so we approached the entryway. The feline said they are full right currently return thusly. We said good no enormous exchange so we turn and stroll off. We remain about only and we see a similar feline permit a gathering of roughly ten or eleven Caucasians in. At that point the accompanying gathering directly after them was around seven or eight Caucasians directly in to the gathering. By and by I accept that the solitary way prejudice will ever stop and the finish of incorporating will be accomplished is through dread and guidance of the activity People groups must perceive that God made all universes from one duo non a huge number of various races. Also, that the full human race is consequently one major expanded family unit. On the off chance that/When this ever happens this universe will be a vastly improved topographic point.

Riordan Manufacturing Essays - Change Management, Motivation

Riordan Manufacturing Essays - Change Management, Motivation Riordan Manufacturing Distinguish the potential wellsprings of protection from change and create methodologies to protection from change. Riordan Manufacturing are experiencing various changes, the supervisory group need to think of an answer that will permit the organization to have a smooth progress starting with one stages then onto the next. In making the progress the supervisory crew will now and again run into obstruction inside the association and workers. For example, poor correspondence in why the change is occurring. Likewise, people dread of accidental the effect that the change will bring inside the working environment. Workers that cant adjust to change will cause more obstruction than any sources there is in the association. While executing new innovation, additionally cause question in their capacity to adjust to change. Riordan Manufacturing greatest experience is dealing with struggle which has inferred a postponed. As indicated by Robbins loss of unwaveringness or inspiration, expanded blunders or truancy, are progressively unpretentious, increasingly hard to perceive the truth about. Obstruction of p rogress will make it hard for any association to progress forward. There are a wide range of ways that and association can conquer opposition. Riordan Manufacturing the board should have great relational abilities. So as to diminish the obstruction, the administration should instruct the representatives on the new innovation hardware. Besides, the executives should clarify in a coherent structure for the representative to comprehend why the change needs to happen. Nonetheless, as indicated by Robbins laborers frenzy and misgiving are raised, suggesting and treatment, alongside imaginative capacities arrangement, and compensated time away may encourage change. Protection from change isn't all negative there are certain angles to change. In and open conversation one will discover that obstruction is and can be framed in a positive angle. Prescribe a system to execute the change throughout the following a year. The systems that Riordan Manufacture will consider would be expanding deals and balancing out benefits so as to ready to give workers motivation, this must be managed from within to the outside of the association. Riordan Manufacturing must execute an arrangement that administration will have the option to work successfully and effectively with the new client connection supervisory crew. The up and coming objective is to execute an arrangement for the following 6 to a year to persuade, support, and improve companys qualities and spirits. Riordan Manufacturing plan ought to plainly distinguish and characterize salarys pay scale inside the initial multi month. Besides, the following a half year were executed a unimaginable motivating force page to help deal and representatives that has low-confidence about their capacity to adjust sensibly. Last there will be sanctioning assessment process that will be executed in the following a year. This will permit clearness and uncommon system tha t will adjust business and representative improvement rewards. Robbins, S. P. (2011). Hierarchical conduct (fourteenth ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ:: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Essay Topics For Upsc Masters - Choosing the Best Topic For Your Research

Essay Topics For Upsc Masters - Choosing the Best Topic For Your ResearchThere are many essay topics for upsc masters. One of the key points to remember is that the topics should be related to the areas that you want to study and are available in your school. If you are not sure what types of subjects you can write on, ask a college adviser at your school or browse the internet for assignments to use.You may want to be more creative with your essay topics for upsc masters. This can help you to think outside the box when it comes to writing your essay. There are some topics that are much easier to write about than others. It all depends on what the topic is that you would like to write about.Some of the most popular essay topics for upsc masters include philosophy, literature, and history. History is an area that you can write about for any topic because you can relate to it. You can include history as one of your topics for upsc masters and you can add a personal touch to the essay b y using it as a springboard for discussion. Whether it is a current event or something historical, it is best to use your ability to write about past events to help students learn more about yourself and others in your class.A subject such as English, math, science, and history is the type of topic that would require a lot of thinking about. It is something that you might not think that you would be good at, but once you start looking around, you find that it is not as hard as you had originally thought. It all depends on the type of topic that you want to write about. If you want to write about math or science, then you can focus more on your topic knowledge.When choosing essay topics for upsc masters, it is best to make sure that you are researching the topic yourself. Thereare many resources online that can help you research a topic. Once you have researched your topic, you can figure out what type of topics are available for you to use for your essay.There are some other popular topics for essay topics for upsc masters. These are some topics that you can choose from when you are writing the paper. If you have trouble deciding which type of topic to use, you can go online and look at the various essay topics that are available for you to use.There are a lot of other topics for essay topics for upsc masters that you can choose from. Although, these may be the most popular, they might not be the ones that you are comfortable with. Another way to research your essay topics for upsc masters is to use other people's essays that you have seen online. This can help you get ideas for your own essay without you having to do the research yourself.Writing good essay topics for upsc masters are important if you want to excel in this course. You want to make sure that you have a good base to work off of when it comes to your topic knowledge. You also want to make sure that you are not wasting your time and effort by writing an essay topic that is not useful to you.

Working Capital Management Relevant In The 21st Century Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 19 Words: 5565 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? In these contemporary days, all businesses trying to keep their working capital management at high level and also trying to get with 21th century .Up to date, the main aim for all business are to survive, to exist and to struggle each other; so this requires keeping a proper working capital management against unexpected events resulting from the future. Two companies, Arà §elik a.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸. which was established at 1955 by Rahmi Koà § , has 22,000 workers and 14 facility around world and 8,4 billion Tl revenue within ; Vestel a.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Working Capital Management Relevant In The 21st Century Finance Essay" essay for you Create order which was established at 1953 by Mehmet Zorlu that wants to become worldwide company continued export oriented growth strategy and has 15 000 workers , were chosen for this case study. Quality racing and competition of last 10 years helped home appliance industry has in large degree in Turkey. Immediately after, beginning of consumer awareness led businesses into competition.Thus, among the companies which are operating in the same sector, Arà §elika.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸. And Vestel A.S. should have the right working capital management mechanism to survive. Moreover, by checking of Arà §elik and Vestel working capital management, it can be said that which kind of problems they will face and will affect on the market. For example, DSO , DPO , DIO and CCC have to be low and also CCC must close to shortest(smallest) level which is company reach , minimum level of CCC represent effective operation and cash management for companies ,so after analysis which will be made , the right comments can be made about Arà §elik and Vestel. In the end, depending on the results and problems, the right recommends can be mentioned. 2. Introduction It can be said that 3 phases in business life; First one is introduction part for investors ideas and plans, Second phase is that the investment which is decided to be made by investors and turning out of the company. In the last phase, going into operation of a company, meaning that, providing of all equipments, labor force, starting to produce and to sell of all products. Importance of working capital management arises. Working capital management is the most important component of business activities, and focuses on short term investments and investment decision of companies success of company depends on having enough of net working capital and being of good quality. This is Due to the success of a company related with power of paying its debts. , capable of finding new credits and also having a good net work ing capital. At the first instance this easily explains why working capital management is so important for progress. Whether an international company or a domestic company, all principles of working capital are the same for all institutions. Thus, companies decide that how much amount of investment will be made and how to finance them by taking into consideration of risks and stability. Companies try to raise their values with decisions in working capital management. However; international businesses encounter with difficulties as international financing and investment opportunity as well as fluctuations in value of money, the potential foreign exchange controls, a large number of tax applications. As its seen, working capital management is not only the component of working capital; it also includes decisions about how working capital will be funded for future beings. Nonetheless, Current assets and current liabilities play an important value for balance sheet of businesses; a lso ensure continuity of businesses, which are components that deeply related with working capital management. Lastly , Working capital company work at full capacity, production must continue, uninterrupted , for positive business volume, broaden, and thus reducing the risk to meet its obligations to increase the credit worthiness, financial distress in times of crisis, and not live to carry out the profitable activity and efficient manner is of great importance. 3. Is Working Capital Management relevant in the 21st century? It is strongly seen that working capital is most important case in the 21st century. Working capital finances the cash flow cycle. When working capital is negative, and then means company has no funds from its day to day operations. Working capital answers that how much funding a business needs to operate? Short term funding is very necessary for companies; because to make the way in long term, it is needed cash in short term to survive against go ba nkrupt. Later on, net working capital will be positive means that current asses excesses current liabilities. From companies looking, excess of working capital operating inefficient. Because it shows that customers still owe to the company, there is no money return and cannot be used for company obligations. This can be observed by comparing working capital structure of the companys time to time. If there is slow collection, this can give signal of incoming problems. The main goal of working capital management is to obtain the balance of each working capital components. Therefore; the main is, convert funds held in banks to cash thereby maximizing the interest earned. In recent years, dynamic discounting method is used on customers to maximize working capital. This will provide early payment to companies, more cash inflow to be used for obtaining proper operating in working capital management. At the present day, necessity of working capital may vary according to departments. Each component must be placed on the right department to be used. Because, whilst some departments need significant levels of inventory; the others need little. The necessity of working capital management must be taken into account in relation to other aspects of departments. 4. Definition of working capital management Working capital is all assets convertible to money and all expenses are done, in order to be used for starting into operation of a company as well as to carry these all activities on. Current assets are gross working capital. So, what is net working capital? It is the result of: Current assets -short term liabilities = Net working capital Therefore, all current assets defined as: 1-liquid assets 2-securities 3-receivables 4-stocks 5-prepaid expenses for future months 6-income accruals All components of current assets are really important case for business to provide a good lead in working capital management to avoid from current risks in this current century. In accordance with all of these informations, a successful working capital management has to bear these points below: 1-divisible capability 2-Short-term and liquid 3-all components are moving and interrelated each other 4-working capital decisions can be revised as soon as possible 5-Investments have limited effect on the degree of business risk CASE STUDY -ARÇELÃÆ'„ °K 5.1Company Profile Vision Statement: -Providing of profitable, long-termed and sustainable growth -To maintain with positive growth, increasing of target market share threshold -Innovative, reaching more consumers with the products and implements -To see the future with institutional consciousness -Being a global group; providing of integration of all components and optimization Mission Statement: Adding value of human life by providing innovative, protector of nature, authentic, technologically developed products to create value for the customers. Objectives: They change their objectives due to the changing on new vision and Core operation goals pegged in line with its new vision describe three aspects of sustainability in economical, environmentally and socio-cultural. Targeting participate in solution within the profile of perpetuity approach, Arà §elik. sustains its efforts targeted towards change in climate and safe keeping of scarce natural resources. 5.2 Company s business segments and Market share Arà §elik growth %8 in 2010 in 6 products, Arà §elik A.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾. is the leader of the consumer durables sector in Turkey and Romania, the second place in UK market. The first five place in all Europe .Worlds top ten consumer durables brands in nine main product segments,  leader in consumer durables market  and in fridge, freezer and oven product groups in UK. Second brand in the fridge market in Belgium, In Poland, the second exporter in washing machine market and third exporter in freezer markets, In Lithuania, first brand in all white goods market  and in washing machine and fridge product groups. Business segment produce in durable consumer goods industry, marketing and after-sales services. .White Goods .Consumer Electronics .Other Market size 6.5 million unit Market value 4.5 billion Tl %20 of Eastern Europe and Russia 5.3 Business performance EBIT and ROCE EBIT: Firstly, lets look at the EBIT, which is illustrated by graph below. We can see that amount of EBIT tl mn was changing year by year. The exact amount of each year is follows: EBIT 2009: 686 EBIT 2010: 638 EBIT 2011: 646 EBIT 2012E: 846 The graph is showing us general vision of the company, which provides assumption how much cash get into the company from their core business before the interest and taxes. Moreover, it presents operating profit after the global crisis in 2009 when the company increases their operating profit. However, after 20 09 the operating profit tends to reduce due to the euro crisis in EU zone. When we look forward at the Arà §elik global operating network, we can notice that 10 countries from EU zone fit in decreasing profits (Romania, France, Slovakia, Germany, Czech Republic, Spain, Italy, Slovakia and Poland). In result disposable income reduced in EU zone and the costs of raw material and unfinished goods accrued. In spite of that from 2010 to 2012 the operating profit tends to increase due to crisis effect decrease. ROCE: Indicates the efficiency and profitability, which are coming from companys capital investments. ROCE should always be higher than companys borrowings, because high borrowing rates cause less shareholders earnings a good ROCE is greater than borrowing rates. The formula is: EBIT / (Total Assets-Current Liabilities) ROCE2009: 686/3246:0.2113=%21.13 ROCE 2010:638/4979: 0.1281=%12.81 ROCE2011:646/5667: 0.1139=%11.22 Change, which has place from 2009 to 2010, h as got two causes. First one is total asset, the company increased their total assets for investing, total assets getting narrowed within net capital working, which reflected liquidity problem. Furthermore, from 2009 to 2010 they reduced their current liabilities and this was the reasons, which affected ROCE in 2011 increasing total assets continued. Firm faced to liquidity problem, but in the other hand, when we are looking at credit note from Fitch Ratings is AA. Thats why quality of companies is in bit higher risk than AAA and this position makes AAA the best credit note, which is stable and at minimum risk. 6.1 Companys Profile ( Vestel ) -Vestel focusing on the core business activities of the production of high-quality consumer products constantly under the control of both revenue and profitability development aims to achieve. -Europe will be remaining as the main target of Vestel, to respond new trends and add new products; its portfolio aims to be close the market. -In order to maintain its position in the market, Vestel, aims to invest more in research and development. -Internal market of the company will continue to play a pivotal role in all business activities. -The main target areas are electronic products and white goods; Vestel also expects to improve its efficiency both domestic area and abroad. 6.2. Business Segments and Market Share Vestel continued to be the leading choice of customers a total of 15 million units in 2008 with the production of the main export market in Europe. Vestel serves its customers as produce TVs, white goods and digital goods. Vestel that exporting to 131 countries worldwide offers leading-edge product to consumers. Accounting of %76 of sales, which is 2.8 billion dollars composing of %86 total exports were to Europe. The target countries are Germany, Switzerland, Australia, Denmark, Spain, Italy and Portugal .Vestel carried out export LCD TV as by %82 in 2010.Vestel has hold the title of Turke y export champion in the electronics industry for over 13 years; also Vestel won the second prize among 500 most exporting companies. Vestel is not satisfying with being export champion of its sector also it wants to be a champion in Turkeys market thanks to module production. 6.3 Business performance EBIT and ROCE We should take into account the white good market for Vestel company by the reason of different sector. Due to this we are taking VESBE (Vestel White Good company ) as an exaple. The ebit data from 2009 to 2011: 2009-169 2010-31.4 2011-59.9 indicates that after 2009 the operating profit is significantly decreasing in Vesbe and Arà §elik EBIT, but in here the decrease is so sharply, which is the first cause of EU zone crisis due to the increasing costs. Taking further look at the balance sheet and income, in 2010 statement income from sale accures as compared to 2009, but the cost of sales are increasing as well. Another important point is that gross profit, and gross profit from business operation, decreased for about %50. Moreover, administrative and marketing expenses increased as well as RD. After all to see the core causes there is need for investigate the other ratios, but even if we compare Vestel with Arà §elik, there is one conclusion that Arà §elik managed the crisis better than Vestel Even so, in 2009 governmet encourged excise tax and companies, therefore, increased their incomes. this is very important information to understand the difference between 2009-2010. ROCE : For Vestel company ROCE now is very significant for investors due to EBIT. The formula is : EBIT /(Total Assets-Current Liabilities ) ROCE2009 : 169/647 :0.2612=%26.12 ROCE2010:31.4/596: 0.0526=%5.26 ROCE2011:59.9/567 : 0.1056=%10.56 As we can see in graph in 2009, due to the government policy, Vestel used opportunity well, but after 2009 the datas decreasing sharply and it is pointing out that this company is not stable. By the reason of t his, it is not possible to managed the risk and unexpected developments from credit rating the notes from Moodys they gave to Vestel B2 (rating) it means Judged as being risky and a great credit risk It appears to be,  its unstable and the company is not so confident in dealing with investors also the risk level maximum in this company for investors. In other words Vesbe for investors is like a dice game. 7. Working capital analysis 7.1Total revenues Price times quantity gives total revenue. For short-term analysis, production decision, its very important component for companys due to balance quantity and price to get maximum profit. We will compare Vestel and Arà §elik company with graphs (The graph shows the difference between Arà §elik and Vestel. For the first look we can notice that Arà §elik and Vestel are increasing their total revenues, which is a positive signal for countrys economy, like also important factor for development in export, by the reason o f exported goods. 2010-2011% changed total revenues for Vestel, which in consequence gave %38. It is significant increase for this company, but on the other hand for Arà §elik from 2010-2011 % change in total revenue amount %21. As the result, this two data showed us that white good sector is getting wider in internal and external market. However, important thing is that, it should be sustainable for these two companies. Below there is the other information about revenues, inventories increasing from 2009 to 2011: For Arà §elik: (ml tl) 2009: 906 2010: 987 2011: 1530 For Vestel: (ml tl) 2009: 131 2010: 162 2011: 229 For Vestel from 2010 2011 increasing from inventories was at %41 and for Arà §elik in 2010-2011 %55. Therefore, now we can understand why the operating income is decreasing from 2009 until 2011. On the one hand, these two companies should increase their Total revenue sustainable, on the other hand they have to take into consideration inv entories and cost of production, its reducing the aim of profit maximization and the last thing is Total revenues and operating income should be parallel for company s goodness. 7.2 DSO It indicates that a number of the days to get revenue by a company which has been paid after transaction .If DSO is low the company will be paid in fewer days so the account is receivable. Otherwise, high DSO shows that the company receives money in longer days, like credit to its customers. The formula of DSO Accounts receivable/Total Credit Sales x Number of Days In this graph as we can see again Vestel DSO is amazingly high in 2009. Then if we look at the Account receivable from 2009 to 2011 (2009: 347, 2010: 444, 2011: 606) Account receivable is increasing,. When we turn back the formula we can understand the reason of credit sales decreasing due to the lack of collecting receivable activity. If we look at the different perspective to this case, Vestel wanted to catch Arà §elik in Do mestic and Foreign market. In addition to this they made amazing promotions like 36 48 month installment for white goods, which reflected on 2010 EBITs reduction from 168 to 31. Moreover, due to the collecting activity 210.37 days when the company couldnt take the money from customer, the production of new products was impossible and RD department couldnt make new investment. Finally, the most important thing is the company needs liquidity for the continuation of it. However, after 2009 they changed the policy on credit sales and the DSO was going back to the balanced way like Arà §elik. Also as we can see the graph, Arà §elik is trying to defend their policy just in 2009 we can notice that government excise tax incentive. The DSO was increased due to this promotions cost too. Therefore, good advice is: If your competitor is making promotion you should make too. Nevertheless, this changing is not as significant as Vestel after 2009 by the reason they turned back the normal policy and the DSO was going to be stable, which is also very important for companies (it should be not high and stable). What is more to mention, industrial averages is very important on this topic and for White Good business generally producer is selling their product with long periods. Also we can look from the other perspective and see that the company doesnt fix on their income to DSO as the consequence the company has got strong economy. In this example Arà §elik is taking positive advantage. 7.3 DIO A financial measure indicates that how long time the companys inventory turn its inventory into sales quickly. This gives investors an idea of this process will be higher or lower. The lower DIO is the better, means that inventory quickly turn into sales and become cash; but DIO varies from one industry to another. So, decreasing days show an improvement in working capital. Here is how the DSI is calculated: Inventory/Cost of Sales x 365 DIO has got key role for working c apital management. The issues are being debated on last 5 years in whole world and DIO is able to make change in industrial perspective. For instance, for automotive sector the number can be 7.6 times or 8 times in one year. In the DIO Arà §elik company is trying to do not change their policy and again it is showing us significant role of the Arà §elik Company in this sector. Further, as we can see in this graph Arà §elik is trying to develop their working capital year by year (we will see the graph of Net working Capital) DIO mean how quickly company can turn inventories into cash and it mean Liquidity after 2009 and as the result both company decrease their DIO levels, which is good sign for both company. What is more in 2009 Vestel under the average industrial level of DIO by 155.24 days and created Liquidity problem for company. The sharply decrease from 2009-2010 explained again to us why it happened (Also we will see in DPO) In white good sector its important to keep the hi gh level of DIO, but in assumption that 40 days level can be arguable for Vestel again. 7.4 DPO It indicates the average number of days a company pays to its suppliers. The formula is: (Account payables/cost of Sales)*365 Days payable outstanding is the activity how a good a company managing its account payable. The lower ratio, the quickest time the company has to pay the liabilities, the higher ratio means better credit ratio term the company gets from the suppliers. So increasing in DPO is improvement, decreasing in DPO is distortion. In 2009, as we can see in the graph, Vestel is paying their supplier more than 1 year 371.84 days and after 1 year they decreased to 64.61 days and the DPO making it longer. The DPO is positive affect to our company, but on the one hand when we will make this time longer our suppliers will affect from this negatively and for next year it will affect our net profit, operation profit etc. In addition, one more time we can understand the sharply decreased in 2009-2010 of Vestel company in this example. On the other hand, for Arà §elik DPO is very small for 2009 34.9 days and this is good for our retailers, but for our company C2C cycle it will affect negatively. According to this information Arà §elik increased and we can assume that made it longer DPO period 34.96 day to 64.90 days. 7.5 Cash Conversion Cycle The length of time, in terms of days, that takes for a company to convert its resources into cash flows. This amount of time the inventory is needed to be sold, to collected receivables and the time the company is capable of paying its bills. Company obtains inventory on credit, results that accounts payables. And also company can sell products on credit, results that in account receivables. So, cash conversion cycle measures the time between cash outflow and cash inflow. The cycle is important for especially retailer, accordance with in short term importance. The shorter cycle, the less time capital i s attached to business process, and so the better for the company profit line. The formula is : CCC:DIO+DSO-DPO In Cash conversion cycle we will understand better other indicators too. Now we should look at 2009 for both companies. Vestel has negative CCC, which means that they are not paying their supplier and concentrate at the DPO Vestel DPO we will see that is 371.84. By the reason of that it represents that they are not paying and it is affecting CCC. What is more there is explanation of sharply decreasing in 2009-2010 and increase of CCC after 2009. The result of this is change in the policy of DPO (they are bringing it to balance). Arà §elik decrease their CCC, which made a positive effect for company and after 2009 they brought it up to the steady line. Moreover, for Arà §elik we cant suggest the same fluctuation is going on 2009 to 2010, because of increasing from 2010 to 2011 decreasing. Therefore, period from 2010 to 2011 provided to as suggestion that Vestel is t rying to fix their company structure. In contrast to that from 2009 to 2010 for investors Vestel is like risky game, but in general perspective Arà §elik is trying to do their vision statement of Sustainable growth and they are not dice. On the other hand, Vestel is taking a big risk for their company. Further, we can look at the other companies for White good market in graph below. The Electrolux CCC from 2009 to 2010 is decreasing and after one year increased a bit, but we can assume that the graph looks like Arà §elik graph, so also Electrolux looks like Arà §elik, of course there is a difference from amount, but Arà §elik has got 2 problems in CCC. First one is about low DPO and the second one is about high DSO. When Arà §elik reduces DSO 40-60 days level, and also when the DPO level move to 60 days, the CCC will come to 50-60 days level. In the consequence the company will be more efficient than before. Furthermore some people do not support this analysis by the reas on of misleading information for Investors. To understand whole financial structure of companies we should analyses all indicators. Net Working Capital for Arà §elik A.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ Mn TL 2009 2010 2011 Account Receivable 2,233 2,325 3,181 Inventory 907 988 1530 Account Payable (762) (969) (1250) Net Working Capital 2378 2344 3461 Net Working Capital for Vestel A.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ Mn TL 2009 2010 2011 Account Receivable 347 444 606 Inventory 131 162 230 Account Payable (196) (271) (442) Net Working Capital 282 335 394 After that this two firms in the last 3 years are increasing their Nwc. However, when we look at the 2008 the crisis term we will notice that VESBE has got -80(mn TL) and Arà §elik has got 3241(mn Tl) Nwc. This repercusion is giving us a suspicious perspective for analysis again. Yet, the other ratios Vesbe doesnt stabilize their economical background and becoming insecure for Investors, but from 2009 to 2011 they improved their capital working and it is the reason why they will try to fix their economic structure. ÃÆ'„ °t appears to be that more analysis for this matter are needed, but the scale show Arà §elik again, which probably will help to understand better why they are leaders in this sector .In this tables we can see the Market Capitalization and Industrial avarage for our 2 companies additionaly Financial ratios for Investors and general view on our companies. C:UsersuserDesktopsektà ¶r.png                       8. Debtor Management and Cash Flow ARÇELÃÆ'„ °K 2009 2010 2011 Net Financial Debt/Equity %44 %22 %31 Current Ratio 1.31 2.03 1.99 Financial Leverage Ratio 0.57 0.53 0.54 VESTEL 2009 2010 2011 Net Financial Debt/Equity %238 %250 %248 Current Ratio 1.1 1.2 1.1 Liquidity Ratio 0.8 0.8 0.9 Its the strategy improved to help debtors to manage their debts. This strategy is usually enforced by an outside company or organization for debtors. Because debtors are not capable of manage the debts by their own, due to lack of knowledge and to be full of business. To minimize the loss due to taking money from debtors is the main goal of debtor management. 8.1. Analysis for Arà §elik A.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾. Arà §elik, especially in the second and the third quarters led to a significant improvement in the performance and profit margin. The amount of net financial debt decreased by more than 60% thanks to generation of a positive cash flow during year. Merger between Arà §elik and Grundig was completed in the middle of 2009, contributed the process management and profitability. Arà §elik, which is one of the most profitable companies have continued to increase between competitors in 2009.Arà §elik reduced its freedom from debts to 740 billion dollars due to successful working capital management in 2009.At the end of the first quarter 2011, net freedom from debts of the company in the current period reached 1 billion TL in order to having capital requirements. Last month, Finch increased the credit ratings of Arà §elik A.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾. from stable to positive. Thus, the company may borrow money at the lower interest rates. So the companys freedom from debts may decrease even more. (DPO 2009: 34.96, 2010: 64.90, 2011: 68.66). DPO rating is increasing per year; this can be said that Arà §elik A.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾. catches the ideal rate of DPO. 8.2. Analysis for Vestel First of all, paying outstanding for Vestel A.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾. is 367 days so at this situation it is more than 1 year. This naturally decreases Vestels credit notes ; but after due to good policy making the credit note increased to B2 ( days of payable debts decreased from 367 to 321 ).Other hand , when it is compared with Arà §elik,Vestel has bad credit rating, judged as being risky and great credit risk, so in the short-term debts are being more credit risk. Buy backing of its 225 m outstanding bonds , Vestel got a significant chance to refinance the risks and had a better position in 2011.Fitch also has affirmed the senior unsecured rating of Vestel Electronics Finance A.ÃÆ'†¦Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ guaranteed issue of USD225m 8.75% 2012 maturity notes at B/RR4.Debt burden is increasing because of demand contraction in Europe. However premium at Euro eases the burden in 2011.Also, inventory turnover was increased by Vestel especially after crisis in 200 8 so this is also another reason to ease the debt burden. Cash management Cash management is an essential skill for small businesses because they typically have limited access for proper credit and have a significant amount of prepayment costs they need to manage while waiting for receivables. Good managing cash provides a company to meet unseen expenses in addition to handling regularly-occurring events like payroll. One of The key ratio for measuring cash management is working capital productivity it s measures how the company will use the cash effective and productive ÃÆ'„ ±t can be formulate as Total revenue/Net working capital. When its compared Arà §elik and Vestel WCP, the results above are obtained: 2009 2010 2011(Arà §elik) 2009 2010 2011(Vestel) %19 %20 %23 %11 %14 %11 As we can see in the results Arà §elik company is managing their cash management more productive than Vestel and it s bring us a valuable result when companies are getting specialized on working capital management they made a win-win circle (customer-investor-company future) furthermore using working capital productive rescue the company from expenses, idle money, unnecessary investments and when they are improving working capital(it s come from how the company using cash)the result bring to company high level position in market like Arà §elik. When Arà §elik and Vestel are compared in terms of cash management, Arà §elik is seen more advantageous than Vestel. Being of Arà §elik is an older company than Vestel, provides to give more professional decisions; due to fluctuations in value of copper and Euro, Arà §elik is affected less than Vestel. This is the evidence of how Arà §elik uses working capital very well. The other point is that due to both companies are exporter, t hey have a direct effect on domestic market (balance of payment), using cash efficiently adds a plus the country economy. In the end, it is seen that Vestel is trying to increase its working capital, in case of this comes true they can go further. Research and development must be more cared of by Vestel. 9. Recommendations Weighing the pros and cons, I come to the conclusion that   in the whole project, working capital is the key element for companies economy and also important matter for whole economy in every country. Due to export when the countrys export rate is bigger than Import rate, the trade balance is getting fixed and this is significantly important for whole economy. Although, in country it effects directly to the GDP, and by the reason of that GDP ratio is the key ratio for understanding economical situation for country, because when our GDP is in sustainable growth position we can understand that our economy is growing and our life of quality is increasing . In this case this two companies are making the positive effect for country economy with export facilities. In addition to this, two company has to know how to use their cash and they shouldnt waste money. For example, if we go back to the analysis, due to the WCP, Vestel has lack of information about how to use their cash more effective. On the one hand, Arà §elik is using the money more efficient and its bringing the leadership for Arà §elik. On the other hand, Vestel should make rational choices, because when we are analyzing the ratios we are noticing that Vestel has got fluctuate situation due to their policies and Crisis. As I already indicated, they should focus on their policy and decisions first. Secondly the new market should be introduced to produce new goods (Undeveloped countries). Additionally, also we can mention that improve of efficiency level on operations is needed, because as we looked at the EBIT it was getting narrower day by day and it was also important re ason to understand Vestel situation. 2008 crisis and EU zone crises effected the purchasing power thats why companies should make discounts and promotions (its significant for using idle Inventory) for customers. The other problem worth to consider was that copper cost increased within 2008-2010, which also made the negative effect on the sector there. I should like to emphasise that  for minimizing the risk level (coming from outside), companies are required to improve liquidity, because when it will happen companies will be needing a cash. If they cannot find enough assets, the companies will live the bankruptcy. Also, if the companies dont want to live this situation there are 4 steps for Vestel. First, increase the WCP, then enhances the investments, after increase the RD facilities and finally the most import thing is to accrue the quality level of products (from customer comments) which makes the final decision for Vestel. So all in all I believe that from the Arà §eli k perspective they should keep the general level on company economy and for the sustainability should continue on Net Working Capital productivity. 10. Conclusion Crisis period that started in 2008 2009, affected Europe and in the end of it , working capital management become more important lastly. Cash demand, occurred in crisis time, while some companies went bankrupt, the others operated effective working capital management and survives from suffer in crisis bad effects. On behalf of two Turkish company Arà §elik and Vestel has picked up for this case study, the attracting point is that turning out of vision statements. Arà §elik stresses on sustainable growth insistently and we saw that it became real. As for Vestel, it wants to raise its profitability. The difference is, it shows that the robust strategies get companies to the solutions quickly, like Arà §elik. The point we want to attract is, mission and vision has how much important role on company and give us ge neral view because there lays fact of company strategy. DIO, DSO, DPO and CCC analysiss says that Arà §elik is more trust giving compared to Vestel. According to this result, Vestel should catch Arà §elik in terms of financial statement. This process will provide country to have two strong companies compete each other to be the leader in the sector .In fact, this is very important issue that competition creates values and get this value, companies will spend more money on their research and developments to call upon the customer satisfactions. In conclusion, the cash demand in crisis period and decreasing disposable income will continue to be as nightmare of businesses; but the companies which have strong working capital management and quick reacted to changes will stand after crisis. Thereafter, Vestel should use its cash management more efficiently to turn it as an opportunity in crisis time. As for Arà §elik, by protecting its current state, it should increase its activi ties around the world.

Abraham Lincoln Vampire Hunter - 893 Words

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The Persian Gulf War And The Arab War - 1365 Words

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Financial Analysis of AGL Limited Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Financial Analysis of AGL Limited. Answer: Introduction This report is designed to provide a brief understanding of financial accounting and its relevance. For this purpose, two accounting items that are, Accounting receivables and inventory have been chosen from the annual report of AGL Limited which is an Australian company, for the year 2016. The report discusses the applicable accounting policy on these items along with the significance of these items on the financial statements and financial health as well. Finally, a reflection is also included in the report on the AGLs annual report. Significance of on financial items Accounting receivables Accounting receivables are the companys assets who owe money to the company. The amount of the debtors is shown in the balance sheet, which constitutes the sum of all the outstanding invoices at a particular point of time (Deegan, 2016). These are the vital items of the current assets as they provide stakeholders a view of companys solvency as well as flexibility. Inventory Inventory is another important item of the balance sheet, which constitutes of raw materials, work-in-progress goods, and finished merchandise. This account becomes useful for the management while making sales and reviewing the cost of production in the income statement. This item is significant as it enables to get an insight into the manufacturing department of the business and the efficiency with which the inventory is utilized to generate income. Applicable Accounting Policy : Accounting receivables Australian Accounting Standard Board 118 regulates the treatment of accounting receivables in financial statements of the companies. This policy requires the receivables to be measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable after deducting trade discounts and rebates, if any. AASB 101 also requires the receivables to be broken into amounts receivable from trade customers, advance payments, receivables from parties, and other amounts. Inventory AASB 102 regulates the treatment of inventory in financial statements. This policy requires the inventory to be categorized as production supplies, merchandise, work in progress and finished goods. Also, according to AASB 101, the inventories should be written down to their net realizable value while recording on the balance sheet (Franklin et al., 2017). The Australian Accounting policies also require the entities to periodically analyze the inventory quantity on hand and determine if there is any excess or obsolete stock. Social Impact of disclosing accounting items Companies that have effectively updated their disclosures by emphasizing on required and relevant information bring positive impacts on the society. Proper accounting items disclosure boost up the investor confidence due to the availability of more valuable information. The efficiency in auditing is also increased which enables auditors to reveal fair information about the company to the society (Guthrie et al., 2017). The coordination in the firm gets improved across the organization, including the board of directors, and with supervisory bodies and external consultants. Furthermore, appropriate disclosure fosters the organizational social reputation and leadership. Reflection on the annual report of AGL As an existing shareholder of AGL Group, I have analyzed from its Annual Report that its financial position statement is quite sound. The cash flow statement is informative enough to provide an insight into the emerging liquidity position of the company. The financial statements also reflect that the company delivers high returns to the shareholders while making growth in achieving financial goals (Cherry, 2016). For instance, AGL is nearer to meet out its divestment target of 1 million AUS dollar in under-performing as well as non-strategic resources by the end of 2017. Also, the report shows that the legislative loss after tax of AGL distributable to shareholders in 2016 was $408 million. On the other hand, statutory cash flow from operating activities increased to $1186 million in 2016. The underlying profits have also increased to around $700 million, which enables the company to increase the final dividend payable over 35% per share (Franklin et al., 2017). However, the impairments are unsatisfactory, but I have noticed a significant net increase in the shareholders worth from the companys upstream gas investments during the past decade. Conclusion On the basis of above discussion, it can be concluded that financial accounting analysis is an essential part of the business analysis of a company. The analysis of two accounting items selected in the report shows how the company uses its resources and the money invested by different stakeholders. The accounting policies applicable to the disclosure of these items is important in providing the stakeholders a true picture of the companys operations and potential economic benefits to be obtained resulting from the financial transactions. Moreover, the reflection of AGLs annual report indicates that the company is doing well and is planning to get a competitive advantage over others. References Deegan, C., (2016) So, who really is a noted author within the accounting literature? A reflection on Benson et al.(2015).Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,29(3), pp.483-490. Guthrie, J., Guthrie, J., Parker, L.D. and Parker, L.D., (2017) Reflections and projections: 30 years of the interdisciplinary accounting, auditing and accountability search for a fairer society.Accounting,Finance ,Auditing Accountability Journal,30(1), pp.2-17. Franklin, E., Lowe, D. and Stocks, M., (2017) Assessment of Market Participation Opportunities for Behind-the-meter PV/Battery Systems in the Australian Electricity Market.Energy Procedia,110(1), pp.420-427. Cherry, M., (2016) Accounting for Trust: A Conceptual Model for the Determinants of Trust in the Australian Public Accountant-SME Client Relationship.Australasian Accounting Business Finance Journal,10(2), p.3.

Leadership Motivation Anita Roddick, Founder of Body Shop

Introduction The concept of leadership can be broadly defined as the intrinsic ability to internalize a setting with the intention of empowering a group or team to proactively and creatively contribute towards problem solving (Bass 2000).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Leadership Motivation: Anita Roddick, Founder of Body Shop specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, management, in the broad spectrum, can be defined as the process in an organization that is inclusive of setting, strategic planning, managing resources and deploying the needed resources to realize specific objectives that are measurable within a specified period of time (Bennis Goldsmith 2003). Thus, this analytical paper attempts to explicitly analyze the concepts of leadership in terms of its application, scope, and features in the management styles. Specifically, the treatise adopts a reflective research in exploring the components of leadership and management such as transformational leadership, ‘managerialism’, and organizational realities in the management style of Anita Roddick who founded the Body Shop. External Environment and Strategic Challenge By definition, leadership is the capability to internalize the environmental setting that incorporates and empowers a group to creatively contribute towards definite course of addressing a challenge. Reflectively, Anita was not impressed with the services that many beauty shops were offering in the UK. The aspect of talent envisioned Anita to review her natural skill and ability that gained proficiency through personal experiences to establish an all-round body shop that could allow customers to buy all beauty products within one roof (The Body Shop 2012). The main characteristics of leadership include adaptability, empowerment, commitment, contribution, and critical problem solving skills. The aspect of adaptability influences the adjustments that may be required in exercising influence over a challenge.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Through these adjustments, Anita was in a position to model a unique setting that reassures and discerns the wants and desires of the subjects. Besides, she inspired self esteem and confidence among the subjects to align their feelings to specific intuition or instinct in her body shop concept. Through this leadership, she was able to facilitate the degree of empowerment feeling and faith in solutions given to her clients (Bustin 2004). Leading Others Since leadership inspires the need to contribute proactively towards creation of a suitable environment for closing the gap that may exist between a challenge and its solution, Anita used creative leadership which is a rich recipe for an imaginative response to stimulation that created a wider chain of adaptation of viable solutions to the demands of her clients (Slack, Chambers, Johnston Betts 2005). Through proactive management, Anita rolled out an organized process within her business that involved setting, planning, managing customer demands and deploying assets to achieve specific goals and objectives such as offering competitive prices and convenience to customers. Since management is about reproducing an action plan and implementing the same, Anita developed solutions that addressed the concerns of her diverse customers with different preferences. This strategy was successful since Anita inspired trust on the long-range perspective that challenged and concentrated on doing what was right and not ideal for the clients (The Body Shop 2012). Conclusively, leadership development focuses on how individuals think about themselves and activities that affect these thoughts and feelings in an organizational environment especially during selection, perfection, and persuasion procedures.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Leadership Motivation: Anita Roddick, Founder of Body Shop specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, it is critical to analyze the concept of leadership in management in order to understand the unique features that are independent of each other and have the same scope. Anita successful applied these concepts to develop a successful business empire in the UK. References Bass, B. (2000). Bass Stogdill’s handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications. The Free Press, New York. Bennis, W., Goldsmith, J. (2003).Learning to Lead. New York: Basic Books. Bustin, G. (2004). Take Charge: How Leaders Profit From Change. Irving, Texas: Tapestry Press. The Body Shop. (2012). Dame Anita Roddick. Web. This report on Leadership Motivation: Anita Roddick, Founder of Body Shop was written and submitted by user Tate Stevens to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Evidence Against Oswald Essays - Lee Harvey Oswald, Free Essays

Evidence Against Oswald Essays - Lee Harvey Oswald, Free Essays Evidence Against Oswald Evidence Against Oswald Lee Harvey Oswald, assassin or wrongfully accused? Even though many people believe Oswald was not guilty or that he was not the only assassin, important evidence points all fingers directly at Lee Harvey Oswald. There are many key factors involved in the Warren Commissions investigation that helps convict Lee Harvey Oswald. Though there are many skeptics of the Warren Commission Report, any theories supported by such people who believe that Oswald was not guilty are clearly missing all the facts and are overlooking evidence that shows Oswald to be guilty. The primary evidence, as well as secondary and circumstantial evidence make it clear that Lee Harvey Oswald had motive, means and opportunity to assassinate President John F. Kennedy. To understand why Oswald was arrested for the murder of J.F.K., you need to know of Oswalds whereabouts during and after the time of the shooting and why the police knew where to find him. At approximately 1:16 p.m. on November 22, 1963, a Dallas police officer by the name of J.D. Tippit was shot and killed. Oswald was seen on Jefferson Boulevard less than one mile from the shooting of the officer and was seen by Johnny Calvin Brewer, a manager of a shoe store a few blocks from the Texas Theater. Brewer described Oswald as acting suspicious, he stated, When he heard the police sirens, he looked upand turned around and walked up West Jefferson avenue towards the theater after the police car turned around (Warren Commission Report, pg. 177-178). Mr. Brewer followed Oswald to the Texas Theater because of his suspicions after hearing on the radio announcements of Kennedy being shot. When Mr. Brewer reached the theater he noticed that the man he was following (Oswald) had entered the thea ter without paying. Mr. Brewer informed Mrs. Postal, the ticket office sales person, and she then phoned the police. At 1:45 p.m., police officers appeared at the Texas Theater where Brewer pointed out Oswald to them. Officer McDonald then approached Oswald and while attempting to reach for the gun on Oswalds waist, Oswald struck McDonald (Warren Commission Report, pg. 178). McDonald seized the gun from Oswald and Oswald was arrested as a suspect in the murder of J.D. Tippit. This is very important because if not for Oswald entering the theater without paying, he may not have been arrested and then later be singled out in several police lineups. Howard L. Brennan was an eyewitness to the shooting of John F. Kennedy. Brennan testified that he saw a man fire shots from the sixth floor window of the Texas Schoolbook Depository. The window was approximately one hundred and twenty feet away from Brennan, (Warren Commission Report pg.44), putting him in an excellent position to observe anyone in the window. The night of the assassination, Brennan identified Oswald in a police lineup as the man who most clearly fit the description of the person he saw firing shots from the Depository window. With an eyewitness to the murder of J.F.K, the police now had someone under the arrest for the murder of the President. Brennan had testified that it was the sixth floor window from which he had seen Oswald firing shots and it was there that the police recovered a Mannlicher-Carcano rifle. This rifle had the markings including MADE ITALY, CAL.6.5, 1940 and the serial number C2766 (Warren Commission report pg. 81). Joseph D. Nicol, who at the time was the superintendent of the Bureau of Criminal Identification and Investigation for the state of Illinois, and Robert A. Frazier, a special agent of the FBI (Warren Commission Report pg.84), testified to the Warren Commission. They positively stated that the bullet found on the stretcher at Parkland hospital and bullet fragments found with in the presidential limousine were fired from the Mannlicher-Carcano rifle with the serial number C2766 to the exclusion of all other rifles. Now that the gun that killed Kennedy had been identified, the next step was to positively identify the owner of the gun. The FBI learned that the rifle was distributed from Crescent Firearms Inc, which shipped the rifle with the serial number of C2766 to Kleins Sporting Goods Co. The store searched its records and

Marks and Spencer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Marks and Spencer - Essay Example According to the latest assurance statement being published, Marks and Spencer had been able to take care of most climate change issues, all of the 100 commitments that it made under Plan A and has also taken care of 32 of the safety and health standards underlying Plan A by 2009. But there are certain limitations in this regard as well. For instance, the company did not abide by the group performance degrees while claiming the completion of Plan A commitments. A lookout for prior to zeroing down upon a company are two aspects define the degree of responsibility that a company complies to while operating its business and their crucial nature often drives these companies to reach out any measures for accomplishing them. Marks and Spencer indeed had complied with the expectations of its investors and stakeholders as promised in Plan A. the company not only undertook measures to retain environmental sustainability but also indulged in community services which even helped it earn rewards from Business in the Community. However, there still remain subtle rooms for improvement in this aspect even though it had come a long way towards a better governance and sustainability position over the last few years.... They must be sufficient enough to motivate the employees to their jobs but not more than needed. In addition, remuneration is incentive based for executive directors, a chunk of whose incomes will base upon individual and organisation performance. However, the structure of their package should be decided in a transparent and fair manner. For instance, no executive will be indulged in deciding his own financial reimbursement. Audit Committee The Board must publish a comprehensible and evaluative company financial report at regular intervals and make transparent arrangements for implementing these reports. Furthermore, it is also the Committee’s responsibility to look after internal control of the firm to protect the interests of shareholders as well as that of the company. They produce an internal audit report where they mention the pace of work being carried on post submission of the report. This report identifies the risks as well as the weaknesses that the company is feature d with and have to be tackled in order to meet the annual targets. Shareholder Relations The company supports a timely dialogue interaction with its shareholders to arrive at mutually agreed company objectives. It is the Board’s responsibility to watch over the fact that a pleasing conversation takes place with the shareholders. In addition, investors should be allowed to fully participate in the Annual General Meetings of the company to voice out their concerns (Marks and Spencer Group plc, 2010). Institutional Shareholders There must be a mutual understanding between institutional investors and the company under concern. In addition, these shareholders have voting

Definition paper for VISA (International Student VISA for staying and Assignment

Definition paper for VISA (International Student VISA for staying and studying in US which is F-1 VISA) - Assignment Example F-1 visa is primary for academic studies and is given to students attending an academic or English language career. F-1 student visa is the most popular international visa for students issued in the United State. In addition, F-1 learners must keep the least course load for permanent status of a student. F-1 student status permits for semi-permanent and on-campus student job offer (less than 21 hours weekly). Similarly, students with F-1 visa can work on OPT programs for a maximum of one year after their academic program completion. Students are supposed to complete their career programs by the expiration period on their Eligibility Certificate for Nonimmigrant status of Students, I-20 form, offered by the United States University or collage where the student is admitted. A student visa warrants one to land at the entry point and request for entry to the United States. Once one is admitted, the visa can expire because he does not require a valid visa until he has left the country and wish to re-enter. Finally, to be eligible for the visa, an applicant should meet various authoritarian criteria. For instance, he must be from a foreign origin and should intend to go back to his homeland upon academic program completion. He can only enter and study as the university through which the visa was approved, and must have adequate financial stability. The student must have firm ties to the homeland (such as job offer recommendation upon studies completion, assets, family and bank statement). Additionally, he may convert his visa to part-time work visa upon academic program completion. Someone who has never heard of a visa or a person, who has never applied for a visa, may have some challenges in defining or understanding what a visa is. For instance, a native may define a F-visa as a permit or document placed on a student’s passport that allows international students to the United States Colleges or Universities to pursue further studies. In addition, a

Adderall Abuse and Doctor Awareness Essay Example for Free

Adderall Abuse and Doctor Awareness Essay Adderall is used in the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, but has been abused in many circumstances. ADHD has been known to produce certain symptoms, which can have serious negative effects. Adderall helps in the reduction of these symptoms. However, the addictive nature of Adderall has made it one of the most abused medications without prescriptions from medical practitioners. Adderall has, nevertheless, been used effectively as attention stimulant that helps the patients to perform well throughout the day (Helms, 1476). It is, therefore, only important that awareness on the use of Adderall in persons with ADHD be increased in order to maximize the positive effects of the psycho-stimulant treatment as opposed to its negative effects. The use of Adderall in ADHD Methylphenidate has often been used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder. However, many of the scientific research and studies have placed Adderall above methylphenidate in order of efficacy. Adderall, when used by persons with ADHD, it is more efficacious and lasts relatively longer in stimulating the persons’ attention (Joan and Davis 56). Further, it is more effective when applied in small doses than when used excessively. This is one of the issues that bring a point of concern in as far as Adderall abuse is concerned. Its excessive use is not what makes it effective, but rather; it only creates more side effects. Adderall is more efficient in psycho-stimulation due to the fact that it has the ability to increase the dopamine levels while preventing the re-uptake of the same (Joan and Davis 58). See more: Sleep Deprivation Problem Solution Speech Essay Side effects of Adderall and Public Awareness Despite the positive effects that Adderall has in psycho stimulation, it also, like other treatment, poses serious and adverse negative effects; the perfect reason why it is important to undertake an intensive awareness on the use of Adderall in the treatment of ADHD. Some of the most adverse side effects that require effective medical response include rapid and uneven heartbeat, light-headedness, which may result in fainting, where there is high blood pressure that causes problems like unsettled concentration, and where the user feels restless and finds it extremely difficult to concentrate (Helms, 1476). Blurred vision and severe headache, excessive discomfort at the chest due to severe chest pains, seizure and numbness are also among some of the adverse side effects of Adderall treatment of ADHD. Insomnia, diarrhoea and constipation, appetite loss and weight loss, loss of sex drive and impotence, dizziness and headache are also some of the side effects although they are a bit mild (Donatelle 232). Despite all these Adderall use related side effects, it is important to note that often, people have over-used the treatment. It has been identified to be addictive hence increasing the chances of its abuse. Just like other treatments, excessive use of Adderall does not help treat ADHD. In fact, it only makes the disorder worse by creating after use problems like troubled concentration, diarrhoea, dizziness, and headache. Instead of stimulating concentration, it only succeeds in creating more attention problems when used in excess (Andrews, et al, 226). Scientific studies have shown that the use of Adderall by pregnant women is extremely dangerous to the unborn child. The rats used in one of the studies indicated that there exist long-term behavioural and neurological changes hat emanates from prenatal and early postnatal amphetamine exposure (Grilly 101). It has also been established that there are chances of low birth weight or even premature birth and the baby may show withdrawal symptoms if the mother used Adderall during pregnancy most especially when she abused the medication. In fact, sudden deaths of children have been linked with the use of Adderall treatment drugs. Consequently, in some nations, the government has made an initiative to highly control the sale of the drugs (Grilly 101). More studies were have also been commissioned to establish the effects of Adderall treatments. They have indicated that there are high risks of a patient developing cardiac defects resulting from the use of Adderall drugs (Donatelle, 232). The rate of heart beat is increased and consequently the blood pressure, when drugs of amphetamine category such as Adderall are used in the treatment of any disorder or disease. The situation gets worse when overused. However, Adderall drugs are only more dangerous when used in a way not prescribed by certified physicians or when administered in response to addiction demands (Moore, 54). Caution is also given to patients with pre-existing mental or cardiac illness since the drug has the ability of aggravating the situation. Persons with a history of drug abuse are also advised not to use Adderall, but may resort to other medical options that respond to the same problem of ADHD. This is due to the addiction nature of Adderall that makes it possible for people to abuse (Donatelle, 232). The above mentioned issues evidently illustrate that the use of Adderall has side effects; something that is shared by a number of treatment compounds. However, when used in small doses, it is more effective in stimulating one’s attention in the process of combating attention deficit. Excessive use of Adderall is extremely harmful to one’s body given the fact that it produces many side effects that in the end override the intended benefits and functions (Grilly, 343). It is, therefore, advisable for the doctors to undertake close and effective observation of their patients to ensure that there is no abuse. Prescriptions should be normal and standard taking into consideration the action of the drug in the body and the half-life of the different strains of Adderall used. It is medically unethical for doctors to provide prescriptions without confirming the status of the patient’s body. Medical examination to identify the pulse rate is necessary. In addition, medical history of the patient with relation to mental illness, cardiac problems or drug abuse or addiction is of primary importance before making a decision of putting persons with ADHD in Adderall treatment (Andrews, et al, 226). Awareness of the drug use should be enhanced most specially in colleges and universities where students have in many cases used Adderall as study drugs to make them stay awake for long periods without sleep as they study. This academic use of Adderall has contributed immensely to its overuse and addiction thereby affecting many users negatively without them realizing it. The use of Adderall has also been identified in sports to an extent that many spots organizations banned the use of the drugs by athletes without any confirmed practitioners prescriptions. It is used as a performance enhancing substance, which is against the sporting policies (Andrews, et al, 226). Adderall has also in the past been used as recreational substance due to its stimulant nature. Some people crush and snort it while others mix it with water in order to use it as injections. Some people use it together with alcohol in order to achieve high level recreation (Moore, 54). The above mentioned different uses of Adderall indicate the extent to which the drug is abused. Awareness is thus important in order to make people understand that it is only meant for the treatment of ADHD, which should also be done in small doses. In order to reinforce the effective use of Adderall, majorly for the stimulation of attention in people with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, the government ought to legislate against over-the-counter sale of the drug. It should only be made available in hospitals where patients are given after the certification and prescription by the doctors, which should be followed by proper medical examination. Persons found selling the drugs to people who are not prescribed for should be prosecuted (Andrews, et al, 226). The problem that faces the administration of Adderall is that there is not a single standardized dosage because adjustments are allowed according to the patients’ therapeutic needs. However, it is important to consider the fact that Adderall must only be administered in lower dosages despite the adjustments. First and foremost, it is absolutely not recommended for persons or children under the age of 3 years old. Between 3 and 5 years old, the dosage should be 2.5 mg daily with recommended increase of 2.5 mg on weekly intervals. For 6 or more years old children, it is advisable to start them on a 5 mg once or twice a day with increments of the same at weekly intervals on daily basis. The drug administration at all ages should be stopped whenever optimal response is achieved (Grilly, 343). Conclusion Adderall is effective in the treatment of ADHD, but must be ethically administered. Doctors should prescribe the medication after undertaking detailed medical examination in order to identify whether the patient qualifies for the use of the drug. It must be used only for therapeutic roles only without disposing the drugs for non-therapeutic use. In order to reinforce the awareness, governments should intervene and pass legislations that control the sale and use of the drug.

British Literature: Past and Present Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  British literature continues to be read and analyzed because the themes, motifs and controversies that people struggled with in the past are still being debated today. The strongest themes that were presented in this course related to changing governments, the debate about equity between blacks and whites, men and women and rich and poor, and the concern about maintaining one’s cultural identity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The evolution of governments was a constant theme throughout the course, beginning with the lesson on the Introduction to Romanticism, where Edmund Burke, Thomas Paine, Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin debated the equity between rich and poor that was tearing France apart. The theme continued through the lesson about the Impact of Industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Burke was too close to his political sources to acknowledge the atrocities that were happening to France’s poor. He argued in favor of keeping the current political system, fearing that corruption would fill the vacuum of power if the monarchy was dissolved. This fear is still prevalent today after the United States ousted Iraq’s Sadaam Hussain. In both situations, people are concerned with the vacuum of power, fearing that someone more corrupt than the current administration would fill the void.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wollstonecraft countered Burke’s debate and trumpeted the plight of the poor. She argued that to turn a deaf ear to the cruelty was a vote for tyranny.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The rich and the weak, a numerous train, will certainly applaud your   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  system, and loudly celebrate your pious reverence for authority and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  establishments - they find it pleasanter to enjoy than to think; to justify   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  oppression than correct abuses (The Longman Anthology of British   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Literature, The Rights of Man, p. 82).†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She added that, â€Å"They (the poor) ... .... David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 1,060-1,068. Joel, Billy. We Didn’t Start the Fire. Storm Front. 1989. Dylan, Bob. The Times They Are A Changin’. The Times They Are A Changin’.1964. Performed live by Joel, Billy. Kohuept. 1987. Equiano, Olaudah. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. London: Stationer's Hall, 1789. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 160-169. Prince, Mary, The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave. London: F. Westley and A. H. Davis, 1831. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 169-174. Heaney, Seamus. The Singer’s House. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 2,893. Shaw, Bernard. Pygmalion. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 2,087-2,143. British Literature: Past and Present Essay -- essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  British literature continues to be read and analyzed because the themes, motifs and controversies that people struggled with in the past are still being debated today. The strongest themes that were presented in this course related to changing governments, the debate about equity between blacks and whites, men and women and rich and poor, and the concern about maintaining one’s cultural identity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The evolution of governments was a constant theme throughout the course, beginning with the lesson on the Introduction to Romanticism, where Edmund Burke, Thomas Paine, Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin debated the equity between rich and poor that was tearing France apart. The theme continued through the lesson about the Impact of Industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Burke was too close to his political sources to acknowledge the atrocities that were happening to France’s poor. He argued in favor of keeping the current political system, fearing that corruption would fill the vacuum of power if the monarchy was dissolved. This fear is still prevalent today after the United States ousted Iraq’s Sadaam Hussain. In both situations, people are concerned with the vacuum of power, fearing that someone more corrupt than the current administration would fill the void.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wollstonecraft countered Burke’s debate and trumpeted the plight of the poor. She argued that to turn a deaf ear to the cruelty was a vote for tyranny.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The rich and the weak, a numerous train, will certainly applaud your   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  system, and loudly celebrate your pious reverence for authority and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  establishments - they find it pleasanter to enjoy than to think; to justify   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  oppression than correct abuses (The Longman Anthology of British   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Literature, The Rights of Man, p. 82).†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She added that, â€Å"They (the poor) ... .... David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 1,060-1,068. Joel, Billy. We Didn’t Start the Fire. Storm Front. 1989. Dylan, Bob. The Times They Are A Changin’. The Times They Are A Changin’.1964. Performed live by Joel, Billy. Kohuept. 1987. Equiano, Olaudah. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. London: Stationer's Hall, 1789. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 160-169. Prince, Mary, The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave. London: F. Westley and A. H. Davis, 1831. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 169-174. Heaney, Seamus. The Singer’s House. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 2,893. Shaw, Bernard. Pygmalion. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 2,087-2,143.

Banking Reforms in India Essay

Cash reserve Ratio (CRR) is the amount of funds that the banks have to keep with the RBI. If the central bank decides to increase the CRR, the available amount with the banks comes down. The RBI uses the CRR to drain out excessive money from the system. Commercial banks are required to maintain with the RBI an average cash balance, the amount of which shall not be less than 3% of the total of the Net Demand and Time Liabilities (NDTL), on a fortnightly basis and the RBI is empowered to increase the rate of CRR to such higher rate not exceeding 20% of the NDTL. What is Reverse Repo rate? Reverse Repo rate is the rate at which the RBI borrows money from commercial banks. Banks are always happy to lend money to the RBI since their money are in safe hands with a good interest. An increase in reverse repo rate can prompt banks to park more funds with the RBI to earn higher returns on idle cash. It is also a tool which can be used by the RBI to drain excess money out of the banking system. What is a Repo Rate? The rate at which the RBI lends money to commercial banks is called repo rate. It is an instrument ofmonetary policy. Whenever banks have any shortage of funds they can borrow from the RBI. A reduction in the repo rate helps banks get money at a cheaper rate and vice versa. The repo rate in India is similar to the discount rate in the US.

Frida Kahlo And Andy Warhol Essay - 1406 Words

It is always evident when a person is different from others. They are not a blur amongst a group of people that can easily be looked over, like others. How they are different may be clear by the way they look but maybe their thoughts are what makes them interesting. Someone’s thoughts are difficult to find out just by a glance. There is a sense of curiosity to the disturbance of the ordinary. A maverick is a creative individual with a different mindset who is confident and bold. Commonly labeled an outcast they are someone who break the molds of societal norms that at the time are not encouraged but slowly become apart of the mainstream, alternating the traditional point of view. Frida Kahlo and Andy Warhol both contributed to different art movements. Frida Kahlo grew up with an illness and later experience what she would call two accidents that allowed her to start her innovative life. Kahlo changed societal norms having to do with sexuality, gender roles, and a new form of e xpression with private and personal subjects that at the time weren’t allowed to be talked about. Andy Warhol came from rags to riches because of his excellence in his artwork that was different and interesting from past artwork. He freely explored his sexuality and created the movement that made a huge change throughout America and the consumerist culture many parts of the world has been living in since the post war era. Both contributed to how current society is seen and what is now seen as normalShow MoreRelatedArt History Study Guide3003 Words   |  13 PagesChienne Andalu * Dali, Salvador –The Persistence of Memory; Temptation of St. Anthony * DeChirico –Melancholy and Mystery of the Street * Ernst, Max –Two Children are Threatened by a Nightingale * Kahlo, Frida –The Two Fridas * Klee, Paul –Twittering Machine * Malevich, Kazimir –Suprematist Painting (aka Eight Red Rectangles); Suprematist Composition: Airplane Flying; â€Å"White on White† * Miro, Joan –â€Å"Painting† * Oppenheim